Nozzle for fire extinguishing apparatus



Feb. 7, 1939. w. s, Dlt-:HL

' NozzLE Fon FnE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUS Filedv Dee. 5, '1955l 2 sheets-sheet 1 w ai! Y INVENTOR BY WALTER 5. Diem.

W. ATTORNEY Feb. 7, 1939.,-

W. S, DIEHL.

- NOZZLE FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUS 2 Shee-ts-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 5,- 1935 Patented Feb. 1, 1939 PATENT OFFICE NOZZLE FOR. FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPARATUS Walter S. Diehl, United States Navy Application December 5,1935, Serial No. 52,978

7 Claims.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as

amended April v3|),

The present invention relates to fire extinguish- Aing apparatus and has a particular relation to nozzles for projecting a stream of llame smothering fluid, such as carbon dioxide, upon the area of conflagration.

The principal object of the present Invention Is `the provision of a nozzle for a flre extinguishing apparatus that is capableof projecting a stream or jet of a re extinguishing medium surrounded by an air excluding envelope or blanket of a similar or different medium at a greater range and in a more concentrated form than by nozzles heretofore designed.

Another object of thev invention is the provision* of a nozzle of the character described that is adapted to project a main stream of flre ex'- tingishing fluid upon a zone of combustion at a relatively high velocity and to discharge simultaneously an auxiliary stream of air excluding mediums surrounding said main stream and at a reduced velocity.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a nozzle of the type referred to in which the surrounding or auxiliary stream is projected ing drawings, means for carrying the invention into practical effect, without limiting the improvements in their useful application to the particular construction, which, for the' purpose of explanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional viewthrough a nozzle constructed in accordance with the invention; 'I

Fig. 2 isa vertical transverse sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; l

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view through positively under pressure and without the danger understood, there are shown in the accompanyanother form of nozzle embodying the invention; and l Figs. 5, 6 and 'l are diagrammatic views illustrating paths of flow of the fire extinguishing medium in different forms of nozzles, all constructed in accordance with the invention.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Figs. l to 3 thereof, a flre extinguishing nozzle embodying the invention is shown as comprising a cylindrical base member I0 having an internally and externally screw-threaded nipple portion II of a reduced crossrsection adapted to be screwed onto the end of a pipe connection I2 communicating with a reservoir, not shown, containing a re extinguishing fluid under pressure.

A circular plate I3 formed with a circumferential flange I 4 is a forwardly extending tubular mem- 1 ber Il of cylindrical shape, the members I6 and I1 being maintained in concentric spaced relation by a bracket member or spider I8 secured to the latter. l

The base member I0 is also formed `with a centrally disposed rearwardly flared chamber I9 which communicates with the interior of the tubular member I6 through an orifice 20 of reduced area, and also with the space between the members I6 and I1 through a plurality of radially extending forwardly inclinedfpassageways 2l. A screen 22 may be provided within the chamber I9 if so desired, in order to break up or disintegrate relatively large particles of solid carbon dioxide in the stream which might otherwise lodge in and obstruct the orifice 20.

In this particular construction the main stream of fire extinguishing uid flows and is projected from the central tubular member I6 at a relatively high velocity, but a certain and lesser amount of said fluid escapes laterally through the passages 2| into .the space between the inner member and the outer member through which it flows at a somewhat reduced velocity and emerges therefrom in a cylindrical stream auxiliary surrounding the main stream or jet and prevents the entrainment of air by said main jet.

. K n A )L v In Fig. 4 there 'is shown anbther form of the invention in which the improved nozzle comprises an internallyand externally screw-threaded nipformed with a circumferential flange 29 is mounted on the nipple 23 in abutting relation to the rear face of the cap 4 and secured in podtion by- Y a lo k n' 't 30 also threaded onto the nipple #23. In thi par .cular construction the rear end of the nner tubular member 3|, which is of frustoonical shape as before. is. suitably secured within the nange 29 of the plate 2l and'converges outwardly, ,as shown. The outer tubular member 32 is also o! irusto-conicai shape reversed with respect' to the angle of convergence voi? the inner memberl3 l so that its inner end engages and is secured to the inner member 3l at a point where the' diameters of the two members are substan`-v tially the same, which in the present case is about midway the length of the inner member.. This provides an annular space 93 surrounding the inner member 3| of increasing area outwardly which communicates .with the interior of the inner menber through a plurality of circumferentially spaced ports `34. These ports are located weil to' the rear end of the space 3 3 so that the fluid owing through these ports does not produce a zone 'of rarefled atmosphere within this space.

3, the difference being mostly one of structure.

In Fig. 5 still another form of lnozzle embodying the invention is shown. In this case the inner tubular member 35 is dared outwardly and its wall'is. struck inwardly at intervals so as to provide a plurality of ports 39 having inwardly projectingl louvers 31.' These louvers positively deflect a portion of the nuid ilowing through the member Y:i5 in an outward and forward direction so as to' provide aprotecting envelope of relatively slowly movinguid surrounding the main stream projected from the member 35, this envelopebeing approximately defined by the broken line 139.

VIn Fig. 6 there is illustrated a construction substantially like that shown in Fig. 5, except that the inner member 39 is of cylindrical shape. This 'member 39 is formed with ports 49 and louvers 4|` for defiecting a portion of the fluid outwardly to form an envelope of slow moving fluid dened .by the broken'line 42.

In Fig. 7 a construction is shown in which the inner tubularmember 43 is generally o'f cylindrical shape but formed with inwardly converging outer edges 44. In this case a portion of the fluid from a. supply pipe 45 escapes from the iiared end 46 of the pipe around the-rear end of the member 43, so'as to provide an air excluding envelope deiined by the b roken line 41. It be understood, however, that the member 43 may be outwardly flared, as in Fig. 5, or in cylindrical shape throughout, as in Fig. 4, if desired. The

member' as is carried by a'stem n which is thread- A If desired, the outer tubular members shown in y the several figures may be formed with outwardly dared or bell-shaped forward ends so as to disperse the nuid laterally to some extent and increase the depth of the envelope of air excluding medium.

thermodiiications and changes in the proporvtions and arrangement of the parts constituting the invention may be made by those skilled inthe art wlthoutdeparting from the nature and scope of the invention, as ed claims. The invention described herein may be manu- Vfactured and -used by or for the Government of combination a source of gaseous 'fire extinguishing medium under pressure, an inner tubular member. adapted to be communicably connected .with said source of e extinguishing medium for projecting a main jet. of said -medium,` and an outeritubular member having a flared outer end surrounding the rear end of saidinner tubular member in spaced relation thereto and forming therewith an annular passage increasing in cross denned in the appendsectional area uniformly throughout its length toward the outletend thereof and also 'communlcable with said source of lire extinguishing medium for discharging said medium in an unco'ni'lned stream moving at a lower velocity .than and closely surrounding said inner tubular member and said main jet, thus to minimize the,

entrainment of air by said main jet, said inner member being adjustable relative to said outer member to vary thesize of said passage and the stream projected therethrough.

a 2. A lire extinguishing apparatus comprising in combination -a source' of. gaseous re. extinguishing medium under pressure, an inner tubular member adapted to be communicably connected with said source of fire extinguishing methe rear end thereof also communicable with said sourceo! lire-extinguishing medium andrincreasing throughout its length toward the outlet end thereof for discharging said medium in a stream moving at a lower velocity than and closely sur-` rounding said inner tubular member and said main jet, thus t6 minimize the entrainment of air by said main jetfsaid inner and outer members being adjustable relative to each other to vary vthe size of said passage and the stream projected therethrough. J v

3. A fire extinguishing apparatus comprising in combination a source of gaseous fire extinguishing medium under pressure, an outer tubular member-'adapted to be communicably connected with said source of nre extinguishing medium, a second tubular memberfmeans to mount said second tubular member within-said vouter cross sectional area uniformly.

9,145,865' :tubular member in a manner to. provide an annu lar passage therebetween including means tov adjust said outer and second members relative to each other to vary the size of said passage and the stream projected therethrough, and means to establish .communication between said second tubular member and said source of lire extinguishing medium for projecting Va main jet of said medium, said. passagey increasing in cross sec- -wftional area uniformly throughoutits length toward-the outlet end thereof,- and serving to discharge saidg-medium in a stream moving at. a

lower velocity than and closely surrounding said second tubular member and said main jet; thus to minimize the entrainm'ent of air by said main iet.4

.4. A 4nozzle for aiire extinguishing apparatus comprising an inner tubular member adapted to be communicably connected with a receptacle containing a supplyl of re extinguishing iiuid under pressure and converging in an outward di rection for projecting a main jet of said fluid,

and an outer tubular member surrounding saidy inner tubulanmember in spaced relation thereto and converging lin an inward direction to a point intermediate the ends of said inner member to forman outer annular passage also communicable with said receptacle and increasing in cross sectional area uniformly 'throughout its' length toward the outlet end thereof for discharging said. uid in astream moving at a lower velocity than and closely surrounding said main jet, thus to minimize the entrainment of air by said main Jety 5.l A nozzle for a iire extinguishing apparatus comprising an inwardly ilared frustro-conical in- -nertubular member adapted'to be communicably connected with a receptacle containing a supply o'i re extinguishing uid under pressure for .pro-

-jecting a main jet of said huid, and`an outwardly ilared frustro-conical outer tubular member sur.- rounding said inner tubular member in'spaced I `relation thereto, the rear end of said outer member terminating intermediate the'ends of said inner member..the walls of said members deiln- -let end thereof for discharging said` fluid in a stream moving at a lower' velocity than and closely surrounding said main jet, thus to' minimize the entrainment of air. by said main jet.

6. A nozzle for a fire extinguishing apparatus comprising an inwardly ared frustro-conical inner tubular member adapted to be communicably connected with. a receptacle containingva supply of fireextinguishing uid under4 pressure for projecting a main, jet of said fluid, and an outwardly ilared frustro-conical outer tubular member surrounding said inner tubular member in spaced relation thereto, the rear end of said outer member terminating intermediate the ends of said inner member, the walls of 's'aid members dening an annular passage communicable with said inner member rearwardly of the discharge end of said inner member, and increasing in cross sectional area uniformly throughout its length toward the outlet end thereof for discharging said fluid ina stream moving at a lower velocity than and closely surrounding said main jet, thusy to minimize.the entrainment of air by said main jet.

l -7. A nozzle .for a fire extinguishing apparatus relation thereto, the walls of said members being inclined in an axial direction relative to one another and deilnlng a passage also Vcommunicable with said receptacle and increasing in cross sectional area throughout its length toward the outlet end thereof, for discharging said fluid -in a cylindrical' stream `moving at a lower velocity lthan and closely surrounding said main stream,thu'stominlmiletheentralnmentofair 'bysaidmainstream wsnm s. um u 

